ELLIPTIC STRUCTURE AND PARALLEL CONSTRUCTION
Oleh : Drs. Dadang Badrulzaman Al-Ambary
Kalimat elip merupakan pemendekan dari dua kalimat atau lebih dengan cara menghilangkan beberapa bagian kalimat yang memiliki kesamaan arti asalnya. Kalimat elip digunakan untuk menghindari adanya pengulangan kata yang sama dalam satu kalimat.
Cara Membentuk Kalimat Elip
Kalimat elip dapat dibentuk dengan cara, antara lain dengan menggunakan :
a. and … too; and so … (dan … juga; dan demikian juga …)
and … too; and so … digunakan untuk menggabungkan dua kalimat positif yang memiliki kesamaan.
Contoh :
1) Jamal is playing badminton. Ghozaly is playing badminton.
> Jamal is playing badminton and Ghozaly is too.
> Jamal is playing badminton and so is Ghozaly.
2) She can speak English well. He can speak English well.
> She can speak English well and he can too.
> She can speak English well and so can he.
3) They study hard. He studies hard.
> They study hard and he does too.
> They study hard and so does he.
4) We passed the final examination. They passed the final examination.
> We passed the final examination and they did too.
> We passed the final examination and so did they.
5) I have finished the work. She has finished the work.
> I have finished the work and she has too.
> I have finished the work and so has she.
6) He had bought a new dictionary. She had bought a new dictionary.
> He had bought a new dictionary and she had too.
> He had bought a new dictionary and so had she.
b. and neither … ; and … either (juga tidak)
and neither … ; and … either digunakan untuk menggabungkan dua kalimat negatif yang memiliki kesamaan.
Contoh :
1) She isn’t speaking English. He isn’t speaking English.
> She isn’t speaking English and neither is he.
> She isn’t speaking English and he isn’t either.
2) He didn’t translate the text. She didn’t translate the text.
> He didn’t translate the text and neither did she.
> He didn’t translate the text and she didn’t either.
c. but (tetapi), whereas (sedangkan), while (sedangkan)
But, whereas, dan while digunakan untuk menggabungkan dua kalimat yang bertentangan.
Contoh :
Yudi isn’t watching television. Hasan is watching television.
> Yudi isn’t watching television but Hasan is.
d. Both … and (keduanya)
Contoh :
1) He painted the door. He painted the window.
> He painted both the door and the window.
2) Lala is in the second year. Sania is in the second year.
> Both Lala and Sania are in the second year.
e. Either … or … (baik … ataupun … / salah satu …)
Contoh :
Rahmat forgot where he put his dictionary.
It’s either in the livingroom or in his bedroom.
f. Neither … nor … (baik … maupun … tidak)
Neither … nor … hanya digunakan untuk kalimat negative.
Contoh :
1) His father isn’t a soldier. His father isn’t a policeman.
> His father is neither a soldier nor a policeman.
2) She doesn’t say rude things. They don’t say rude things.
> Neither she nor they say rude things.
> Neither they nor she says rude things.
g. And (dan)
Contoh :
I will read a novel I will read a comic.
> I will read a novel and a comic.
h. Or (atau)
Contoh :
Do you like football or do you like badminton?
> Do you like football or badminton?
You can go by train. You can go by bus.
> You can go by train or by bus.
i. Whether … or not (baik … atau tidak)
contoh :
I will give you the money although you need it or you don’t need it.
> I will give you the money whether you need it or not.
Susunan Eliptik dalam Klausa
Susunan eliptik biasanya digunakan dalam dependent dan independent clause bila kedua subjeknya sama.
Contoh :
a. Intan is poor but she was honest.
> Intan is poor but honest.
b. Although he was given everything, he was never satisfied.
> Although given everything, he was never satisfied.
c. However she is busy, she always comes on time.
> However busy, she always comes on time.
d. If you are sleepy, you may go to sleep.
> If sleepy, you may go to sleep.
e. While she was cooking, she listened to the music.
> While cooking, she listened to the music.
f. I saw him when he was crossing the road.
> I saw him crossing the road.
g. Yuli washed the dresses and she hang them
> Yuli washed and hang the dresses.
h. When you stop your car, you always use a hand signal.
> When stopping your car, you always use a hand signal.
i. Before I eat, I always say a short prayer.
> Before eating the meal, I always say a short prayer.
